美式英語(yǔ)和英式英語(yǔ)的翻譯有區(qū)別嗎？

　　美式英語(yǔ)發(fā)展中受歷史文化、地域等因素所影響，與英式英語(yǔ)非常不同，那么今天陪同翻譯公司給大家分享一下美式英語(yǔ)和英式英語(yǔ)翻譯的區(qū)別。

　　The development of American English is influenced by historical, cultural, regional and other factors. It is very different from British English. So today, I will share with you the differences between American English and English translation.

　　現(xiàn)今出版市場(chǎng)，出版商為了節(jié)約人力和物力，通常只采用一種英譯本，不會(huì)依據(jù)不同國(guó)家的語(yǔ)言習(xí)慣進(jìn)行翻譯。美式英語(yǔ)與英式英語(yǔ)混雜現(xiàn)象很嚴(yán)重，甚至?xí)屪x者產(chǎn)生較大的困惑。有人認(rèn)為美式英語(yǔ)與英式英語(yǔ)是相通的，同屬于一個(gè)語(yǔ)言體系，但若要讀者更好的理解作品，讓譯本更貼近讀者，應(yīng)采取嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)膽B(tài)度區(qū)分，美式英語(yǔ)在拼寫、詞義、語(yǔ)法等方面與英式英語(yǔ)都有諸多不同。

　　In today's publishing market, in order to save manpower and material resources, publishers usually use only one English translation, and do not translate according to the language habits of different countries. The mixing of American English and British English is very serious, which may even cause great confusion to readers. Some people think that American English and British English are interlinked and belong to the same language system. However, if readers want to better understand the works and make the translation closer to the readers, they should adopt a rigorous attitude to distinguish them. American English differs from British English in spelling, meaning and grammar.

　　1、拼寫

　　1, spelling

　　美國(guó)人是注重實(shí)用的民族，在文字拼寫方面也采取了實(shí)用的態(tài)度。在美語(yǔ)發(fā)展過(guò)程中，刪除了單詞拼寫中不發(fā)音的一些字母，拼寫不同是兩者的一大差異。

　　Americans are a pragmatic people and have adopted a pragmatic attitude in spelling. In the development of American English, some unspoken letters in spelling have been deleted, and the difference in spelling is a big difference between them.

　　(1)英國(guó)英語(yǔ)以-our結(jié)尾的單詞，美國(guó)英語(yǔ)大多簡(jiǎn)化為-or。

　　(1) British English ends with-our, while American English mostly simplifies to-or.

　　(2)英國(guó)英語(yǔ)中有些詞以-re結(jié)尾，這一結(jié)尾在美國(guó)英語(yǔ)中往往拼作-er。

　　(2) Some English words end with-re, which is often spelled-er in American English.

　　2、詞義

　　2, word meaning

　　在對(duì)語(yǔ)言進(jìn)行翻譯時(shí)，選詞也是很重要的。英美在有些單詞上差異比較明顯，所以針對(duì)不同的英語(yǔ)讀者應(yīng)采取不同的詞匯。目前美式英語(yǔ)與英式英語(yǔ)主要存在同詞異義和同義異詞兩方面的差異。

　　Word selection is also very important in language translation. There are obvious differences in some words between Britain and America, so different vocabulary should be adopted for different English readers. At present, there are two main differences between American English and British English in terms of synonyms and synonyms.

　　(1)有些詞出現(xiàn)在美語(yǔ)中也出現(xiàn)在英語(yǔ)中，但表示不同的概念，翻譯時(shí)應(yīng)該著重區(qū)分。

　　(1) Some words appear in American and English, but they represent different concepts, so they should be distinguished in translation.

　　(2)同義異詞是在美式英語(yǔ)和英式英語(yǔ)中用不同的詞來(lái)表示同一概念，這類詞使用范圍比較廣泛。

　　(2) Synonyms refer to the use of different words to express the same concept in American English and British English. They are widely used.

　　3、語(yǔ)法

　　3. Grammar

　　語(yǔ)法是組織語(yǔ)句結(jié)構(gòu)的重要參考，英語(yǔ)與美語(yǔ)在語(yǔ)法上存在一些差異。對(duì)美式英語(yǔ)和英式英語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)法進(jìn)行分析對(duì)翻譯很有好處。

　　Grammar is an important reference for organizing sentence structure. There are some differences in grammar between English and American. The grammatical analysis of American English and British English is of great benefit to translation.

　　(1)名詞：美國(guó)英語(yǔ)將其他詞類名詞化的傾向比英國(guó)英語(yǔ)更為明顯，特別是那些帶介詞的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。

　　(1) Nouns: American English tends to nominalize other parts of speech more obviously than British English, especially those phrasal verbs with prepositions.

　　(2)動(dòng)詞have,get, make：當(dāng)動(dòng)詞have有致使之意時(shí)，美國(guó)用have，英國(guó)對(duì)上級(jí)用get，對(duì)下級(jí)用make。英語(yǔ)中的to have是個(gè)詞性不明確的動(dòng)詞。英國(guó)人既把它用作助動(dòng)詞又把它用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，美國(guó)人則一律將它當(dāng)作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞來(lái)用。

　　(2) Verb have, get, make: When the verb have causative meaning, the United States uses have, the United Kingdom uses get to the superior and make to the subordinate. In English, to have is an ambiguous verb. The English use it as an auxiliary verb and a substantive verb, while the Americans use it as a substantive verb.

　　在文學(xué)翻譯中，要讓讀者更好接受作品，就需要對(duì)作品進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的本地化翻譯，采用相應(yīng)的習(xí)慣用法。對(duì)于日常生活中的英文翻譯，可以采用前后一致的原則，統(tǒng)一用同種類別的英文。

　　In literary translation, in order to make the reader accept the work better, it is necessary to translate the work locally and adopt the corresponding idioms. For English translation in daily life, we can adopt the principle of consistency and use the same kind of English.

中譯國(guó)際翻譯（北京）有限公司
China International Translation service Co., Ltd.